On August 18, 1980 Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping delivered a speech entitled "On the Reform of the System of Party and State Leadership." Here is an excerpt:
Bureaucracy remains a major and widespread problem in the political life of our Party and state. Its harmful manifestations include the following: standing high above the masses; abusing power; divorcing oneself from reality and the masses; spending a lot of time and effort to put up an impressive front; indulging in empty talk; sticking to a rigid way of thinking; being hidebound by convention; overstaffing administrative organs; being dilatory, inefficient and irresponsible; failing to keep one's word; circulating documents endlessly without solving problems; shifting responsibilities to others; and even assuming the airs of a mandarin, reprimanding other people at every turn; vindictively attacking others, suppressing democracy [?!?!], deceiving superiors and subordinates, being arbitrary and despotic, practicing favoritism, offering bribes, participating in corrupt practices in violation of the law, and so on.
Source: Justin Yifu Lin's The Quest for Prosperity.
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